Environment

An area of open water surrounded by sea ice is called a polynya. Polynyas support a wide variety of marine organisms.

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Fertile low-lying grassy plains that are found in sections of the northwest coastlines of Ireland and Scotland are called machairs.

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An oasis is an isolated patch of land in a desert surrounding a source of water which allows vegetation to grow.

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When sea caves grow landwards and upwards to be exposed at the surface, it results in a blowhole. Water often gushes out of the blowhole with great force.

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National Wildlife Refuges are protected areas in the United States managed by the USWS and are meant for the conservation of rare and endangered wildlife.

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Angola's reptilian biodiversity is dominated by desert-dwelling species of lizards and snakes.

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Often associated with flashfloods, an arroyo is a stream bed or dry creek that temporarily fills and flows after sufficient rainfall.

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When magma heats ground or surface water, it results in an explosion of water, steam, rock, and ash, called a phreatic eruption.

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Occurring in glaciated and formerly glaciated regions, an esker is a long, winding ridge of stratified sand and gravel.

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A cirque, also called a corrie or cwm, is an amphitheatre-like valley formed by glacial erosion.

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When two glaciers erode parallel U-shaped valleys, it results in a knife-like, ridge of rock in the center called the Arête.

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When closely packed, interlocking angular or rounded rock fragments cover a desert surface, it results in a desert pavement.

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When sediments are removed by wind to result in a sandy depression in a sand dune ecosystem, it is called a blowout.

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Fourteen wetlands in Thailand have been designated as RAMSAR Wetlands of International Importance and the list is presented below.

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From its arid north to its wetter southeastern coasts, Somalia has several species of lizards and snakes.

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When a river has a heavy sediment load and steep gradient, a braided channel forms.

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The systematic extermination of sparrows in China during the Four Pest Campaign led to large-scale ecological disaster

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Venezuela's wetlands and rainforests house numerous species of frogs, toads, and salamanders.

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Rio Negro is the longest river to pass partially through Venezuela, while the Caroní is the longest wholly within it.

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A drainage basin is an area where all surface water converges to a single point at a lower elevation to join another body of water.

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