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arrow Landforms Ontario is divided into four regions, including the Canadian Shield, Hudson Bay Lowlands, Great Lakes Lowlands and St. Lawrence Lowlands.

The Canadian Shield covers about two-thirds of Ontario. It's a simple landscape of flat plateaus and low, rounded hills, crisscrossed by rivers and lakes.

There are no mountainous landscapes in Ontario. The average elevation in the Canadian Shield region averages near 305 m (1000 ft). A few elevated areas (high hills and ridges) do reach above 660 m (2165 ft) to the north of Sault Ste. Marie. The same is true northeast of Sudbury where Ontario's highest point stands; Ishpatina Ridge, 693 m (2,274 ft.).

The Canadian Shield slopes gently to the north, where it flattens out into the rocky Hudson Bay Lowlands, land covered by bogs and swampy forests.

The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence lowlands are the narrow southern fringes of the Canadian Shield. The land here is all but a few hundred feet in elevation. In some areas rugged cliffs front the Great Lakes shoreline, Niagara River, Manitoulin Island and others.

Niagara Falls, arguably Canada's most striking landform, straddles the international border between Ontario and the U.S. State of New York. These dramatic falls include the larger Horseshoe Falls at 790 m (2,600 feet) wide, and the smaller American Falls at 320 m (1,060 feet) wide.

Ontario is dissected by hundreds of rivers, many small in length and width. Significant rivers include the Abitibi, Albany, Attawapiskat, Grand, French, Missinaibi, Niagara, Ottawa, Severn and Winisk.

In addition to parts of four of the Great Lakes, Ontario contains thousands of other lakes, many of which are located within the Canadian Shield. Largest include lakes Abitibi, Nipigon, Nipissing, Simcoe, Rainy, Big Trout and Lake of the Woods.

arrow Landforms of Canada here!

arrow Landforms of North America here!

arrow Rivers of North America here!

Land Statistics

arrow Land Area

(land) 917,741 sq km

(water) 158,654 sq km

(TOTAL) 1,076,395 sq km
To convert sq km (kilometers) to sq miles, multiply kilometers by: 0.386102

arrow Land Area (all provinces) here!

arrow Horizontal Width (example) 1114 km from the Manitoba border directly west of Kenora, then straight east to border with Quebec

arrow Vertical Length (example) 1606 km from Fort Severn, south-southeast to Toronto.

Note: Lengths and widths are point-to-point, straight-line measurements from a Mercator map projection, and will vary some using other map projections

arrow Bordering Country (1) USA

arrow Bordering Provinces (2) Manitoba and Quebec

arrow Coastline (Hudson/James Bays) 1210 km (752 mi)

arrow Coastline (Great Lakes) 7600 km (4725 mi)

arrow Geographic Center about 6 km NNE of Hornepayne

arrow Highest Point Ishpatina Ridge, 693 m (2,274 ft.)

arrow Lowest Point Sea Level, Hudson Bay, 0 meters

arrow Latitude and Longitude here!

arrow Relative Location here!

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