Sweden History Timeline

500s - 800s

(500) Kingdom of Svear created (first Swedish state)
(516) Hygelac, King of the Geats, led attack on Frisia
(550) Gotlanders came under Swedish protection
(800) Svear conquered Gotar in southern Sweden; Birka founded on island of Bjorko
(829) Christianity introduced by St. Ansgar
(860) Swedish Vikings attacked Constantinople

1000s - 1100s

(1000) Svein Forkbeard, King of Denmark, and Olaf Eiriksson, King of Sweden, defeated King Olaf Tryggvason in naval Battle of Svolder; Birka destroyed; Swedes lost control of Hedeby
(1022) Anund Jakob became king
(1026) Canute the Great attacked Swedes and Norwegians at Battle of Holy River; Canute victorious; controlled Scandinavia
(1050) Edmund the Old became king of Sweden
(1054) Sweden and Denmark set boundaries
(1066) Halsten crowned king
(1070) Halsten deposed; Hakon the Red became King
(1150) Erik IX crowned King
(1160) King Erik IX killed by Danish prince
(1187) Estonian raiders sacked, burned Sigtuna

1200s - 1300s

(1208) King Sverker overthrown at Battle of Lena
(1220) Swedish fleet attacked Estonia
(1229) Folkungs deposed King Eriksson
(1233) King Eriksson returned to rule
(1250) King Eriksson died; Valdemar crowned King; Birger Jarl declared regent until Valdemar became of age
(1251) Folkungs rose against rule of Jarl and Valdemar; lost at Herrevads Bridge
(1266) King Valdemar overthrown by brothers
(1275) King Valdemar deposed
(1292) Swedish expansion reached Karelian Isthmus
(1318) Peasants revolted against King
(1323) Sweden and Russia established border
(1332) Magnus Eriksson crowned King of Sweden and King of Norway
(1350's) Black Death killed one-third of population
(1397) Union of Kalmar united Sweden, Denmark and Norway under one monarch

1400s - 1500s

(1448) Karl Knutsson crowned King of Sweden and King of Norway
(1450) Danish King Kristian I convinced Norway to renounce King Knutsson
(1451) Danes attacked Sweden
(1465) King Knutsson forced to abdicate
(1467) Knutsson again crowned King of Sweden
(1495) Russians forces invaded Sweden
(1497) King Hans of Denmark and Norway attacked Sweden; King Hans declared King of Sweden
(1523) Gustav I (Gustav Vasa) crowned King; separated Swedish Crown from Kalmar Union
(1568) King Eric XIV deposed; John III named King
(1570) Peace of Stettin concluded; Denmark recognized independence of Sweden; Sweden gave up claim to Norway

1600s

(1617) Treaty of Stolbovo ended Swedish occupation of Northern Russia
(1628) Swedish warship Vasa sank in Stockholm harbor; 25 drowned
(1632) Swedish and Saxon army defeated Imperial forces; King Gustavus II died in battle
(1637) Swedish immigrants sailed to Delaware
(1651) Sweden seized territory of Estonia
(1653) Stockholm became capital of Sweden
(1654) Queen Christina abdicated throne; converted to Catholicism, later buried in Rome in St. Peters
(1685) King Charles II barred Jews from settling in Stockholm
(1698) King Charles II invaded Denmark; forced Danish King to sign Peace of Travendal

1700s

(1700 - 1721) Northern War occurred
(1721) Peace of Nystad ended Northern War
(1743) In Treaty of Abo, Sweden ceded southeast Finland to Russia
(1790) Swedish army captured one-third of Russian fleet at Battle of Svensksund
(1792) King Gustav III assassinated

1800s

(1809) Sweden declared independence; constitutional monarchy established; Russia took Aland Island group from Sweden
(1814) Denmark ceded Norway to Sweden
(1832) Gota Canal opened
(1852) Anti-Jewish riots broke out in Stockholm
(1866) Alfred Nobel invented dynamite
(1875) Denmark, Norway and Sweden adopted common basis of currency
(1879) Labor strike by workers in timber industry occurred, several thousand refused to work
(1897) World exposition held in Stockholm; first Swedish car built

1900s

(1901) First Nobel Prize awarded
(1905) Union of Norway and Sweden dissolved
(1914) World War I began, Sweden neutral
(1918) Sweden recognized Finland as independent state; Swedish naval expedition sent to Aland Islands to protect against Russians; Spanish flu epidemic killed 38,000 in Sweden
(1920) Sweden joined League of Nations
(1939) World War II began; Sweden neutral
(1940) Sweden forced to allow German troops to cross through Sweden to Norway; Sweden became refuge for Danes and Norwegians
(1941) Transit agreement with Germany cancelled
(1946) Sweden joined United Nations
(1952) Sweden founding member of Nordic Council
(1953) Swedish diplomat, Dag Hammarskjold, became secretary general of United Nations
(1959) Sweden became founding member of European Free Trade Association (EFTA)
(1971) Two-chamber parliament replaced by one chamber elected by representation
(1975) Constitutional reforms enacted; powers of monarch removed, office became ceremonial only
(1980's) Soviet submarines suspected of invading Swedish territorial waters; relations with Soviet Union deteriorated
(1986) Prime Minister Olof Palme assassinated
(1990) Parliament supported governmental decision to apply for membership in European Union
(1994) Voters narrowly approved EU membership
(1995) Sweden joined EU

2000s

(2000) Bridge and tunnel opened between Malmo, Sweden and Copenhagen, Denmark
(2001) 12,000 demonstrators in Goteborg set up flaming barricades to protest globalization
(2003) Foreign Minister Anna Lindh assassinated in Stockholm; referendum vote rejected Euro; power outage in southern Sweden and Denmark left 4 million without electricity
(2004) 543 Swedes died in Asian tsunami disaster
(2006) Bird flu discovered in Sweden; Foreign Minister Laila Freivalds resigned over shutting down website related to cartoons of Prophet Muhammad; Social Democrats lost elections ending 12 years of rule; Trade Minister, Maria Borelius, resigned over allegations of tax evasion
(2007) Winds whipped across southwestern Sweden, more than 100,000 lost power
(2009) Pirate Bay (file-sharing website) founders found guilty of breaking copyright law, sentenced to one year in jail, fined $4.5 Million
(2010) Two blasts in center of Stockholm killed one, injured others

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Sweden's Information

Land Area	410,335 km²
Water Area	39,960 km²
Total Area	450,295km² (#55)
Population	9,880,604 (#89)
Population Density	24.08/km²
Government Type	Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy
GDP (PPP)	$498.00 Billion
GDP Per Capita	$49,700
Currency	Krona (SEK)
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