TIMELINE

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500 BC - 200

• (500 BC) Crannogs (houses built on stilts) began appearing on lochs
• (200 BC to 200 AD) Defensive towers occupied
• (80 AD) Romans invadeded Scotland
• (83) Romans invaded northern Scotland
• (105) Romans withdrew from Scotland
• (122) Construction of Hadrian's Wall began
• (143) Romans built Antonine Wall
• (163) Romans withdrew south to Hadrian's Wall

200 - 700

• (250) Raids took place by Irish in western Scotland
• (368) Picts, Scots and Saxons attacked London
• (500) Migration from Ireland; Kingdom of Dalriada established
• (547) Angles captured British fortress at Bamburgh, founded Bernicia
• (570) St. Columba founded monastery at Iona
• (604) Bernicia and Diera united, formed Northumbia Kingdom
• (638) Edinburgh captured by Angles
• (685) Northumbria defeated by Picts at Battle of Dunnichen

700 - 1100

• (717) Ionan clergy expelled from Pictland
• (795) First Viking Raid on Iona
• (839) Vikings defeated Picts
• (839) Kenneth MacAlpin became king; Scots and Picts united as one nation
• (858) Kenneth MacAlpin died
• (870) Dumbarton Rock captured by Vikings
• (890) Vikings captured Pict fortress Dunnottar
• (937) Scots and Vikings defeated at Battle of Brunanburh by English
• (945) Scotland given Cumbria by Danish King Edmund in return for military support
• (954) Scottish King Indulf captured Edinburgh
• (1018) King Malcolm II defeated Northumbrians at Battle of Carhma; first modern border formed between Scotland and England
• (1040) MacBeth crowned king after defeating Duncan I at Battle of Pitgaveny
• (1054) Malcolm Canmore, King Duncan I's son, took control of southern Scotland
• (1057) Canmore defeated MacBeth at Battle of Lumphanan
• (1072) Scotland invaded by Normans; Treaty of Abernethy completed
• (1079) Another invasion by Normans; Treaty of Abernethy reimposed

Timeline continued...