A Brief Description
In this ancient land of Mongolia, archaeologists have found remnants of a 500,000 year old culture, which in many ways parallels the nomadic tribes and lifestyles that still exist today in some of the outer reaches of the country.
Once known as the Hun State, it rivaled the powerful Chinese states, extending north to Russia's Lake Baykal, and south to the Great Wall in China.
During the 7th-10th centuries, the area was occupied by individual Mongol tribes, all with individual territories and chiefs. One of those chiefs named "Genghis Khan," established the Mongolian State, and it became one of the most powerful states in the world, and in fact, he tried to conquer it.
Eventually the Mongolians were defeated by the Chinese, and many centuries of tragic war and political clashes followed.
It seemed to end some when it transformed itself into a republic, aligning itself with the USSR. In July of 1990, the first country-wide democratic elections were held, and the country rid itself of communist rule.
The road into the future has been rocky at best, but regardless, Mongolia is reaching out to the west, and a free market economy.
Ulan Bator, the country's capital, is its largest city and the connection-point for all railroads and highways in the country. In addition, the city serves as the nation's cultural and political center, and the main entrance point for a growing numbers of tourists.
For additional info on Mongolia, click here
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Facts and Figures
 Name Mongolia
(long form) none
Population 2,791,300
Population & Density (all countries) here
Capital City Ulan Bator (Ulaanbaatar) (1,210,000)
Languages
Khalkha Mongolian, Turkic, Russian
Flag here
National Day July 11
Official Currency Togrogs/Tugriks (MNT)
Currency Converter
here
Religions Buddhism (50%), Shamanist, Christian, Muslim
Geographic Coordinates
Latitude/Longitude (Capital City)
47º 54' N, 106º 52' E
Relative Location Mongolia is in both the northern and eastern hemispheres. It's positioned in central Asia, and bordered by the Russian Federation in the north, and China in the south.
Land Statistics
Coastline 0 (landlocked)
Land Areas
(TOTAL) 603,908 sq miles (1,564,116 sq km)
Land Area (all countries) here
Landforms
From the Gobi Desert areas of the south, Mongolia rise into a grass-covered and generally treeless plain (steppe), punctuated by three mountain ranges. The highest point is found in the rugged Atlay Mountains of the west. Overall the country has an average elevation near 5,183 ft., (1,580 m).
Hovsgol Nuur, one of Asia's largest freshwater lakes is located on its border with the Russian Federation.
In addition, the northern reaches of the country are replete with meandering rivers, thousands of small lakes, marshes and glaciers. Mongolia, in the west and north, experiences frequent earthquakes, though volcanoes here are considered extinct.
 Highest Point Nayramadlin Orgil in the Altay Mountains - 14,350 ft. (4,374 m)
 Lowest Point Hoh Nuur - 1,699 ft. (518 m)
Land Divisions 21 provinces and 1 municipality*, including: Arhangay, Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy, Bulgan, Darhan Uul, Dornod, Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Dzavhan, Govi-Altay, Govi-Sumber, Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol, Omnogovi, Orhon, Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov, Ulaanbaatar* and Uvs.
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Maps
Mongolia (large color) map here
Mongolia Outline Map here
Mongolia Map CIA version here
Mongolia Maps at UT here
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Asia Continent (printable) here
Asia Outline Map here
Asia (Southeast) Outline Map here
Asia (Name the Country) Map Test here
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Indian Subcontinent Map here
Middle East Landforms here
Middle East Map here
Middle East Outline Map here
Middle East Rivers here
Tsunami Map (December 2004) here
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World Outline Maps (printable) here
World Time Zone Map here
Recommended Links
Mongolia (Complete) info on the (GDP)
economy, imports and exports, natural resources, government, population, military, transportation, and more here!
Mongolia History
here
Mongolia Photos at TrekEarth.com here
Mongolia Today (news)
here
Mongolia Tourism
here
Mongolia Travel
here
Time and Weather
Climate
Temperatures vary greatly across Mongolia. Summers are usually dry and sunny, and in fact, sunny days are common in the country.
Based on its overall elevation above sea level, winters here are very cold and often windy.
Summer high temperatures do reach the high 60s and low 70s F, while winter low temperatures exceeeding -25º F are normal in the upper elevations
Traveler Information
Attractions
On the positive side, isolated Mongolia is a little visited destination, so there's no lines and no waiting to enjoy its cultural sites, scenery and wildlife.
As attractions go, Ulaanbaatar, the main entry point, presents a number of quality museums, Buddhist temples and the famed Gandan Monastery - the most important monastery in the country.
Major treks of interest for the adventure traveler include the Gobi Desert; hot springs at Khangai; Khujirt, the 13th century capital of the Great Mongolian Empire, and the Mausoleum of Genghis Khan - located in the Ejin Horo Banner region.
Country Dialing Code 976
Electricity Mongolia uses 230 volts AC (50 cycles)
Electrical adapters, products and tips here
Travel Warnings
here
Visa Information
here
 PLEASE NOTE:
Before making travel plans for any worldwide destination, we strongly recommend you authenticate important details regarding visas, local health care, customs, etc.
We always find it helpful to contact the nearest consulate of any country before beginning a journey into a foreign land.
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