Mongolia History Timeline

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1900s Continued

(1939) Former Prime Minister Amar, tried and shot in Soviet Union for spying for Japan
(1941) Mongol United Autonomous Government renamed Mongolian Autonomous Federation (Mengjiang)
(1945) The Republic of China requested Soviet help in the war against Japan
(1945) Independence of Outer Mongolia recognized in Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
(1945) Mongolia declared war on Japan
(1945) Mongolians voted for independence in referendum
(1945 - 1946) Soviet control in Mongolia was preserved at Yalta Conference
(1949) Diplomatic relations established with newly-formed People's Republic of China
(1952) Republic of China government-in-exile renounced Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance
(1952) Prime Minister Choybalsan died, Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal became prime minister
(1952) Republic of China blocked Mongolia's entry to United Nations
(1961) Mongolian People's Republic became member of United Nations
(1962) Mongolia became member of Comecon (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance)
(1962) Mongolian People's Party (Communist Party) sided with Soviet Union in a falling-out with China
(1963) Diplomatic relations established between Mongolia and United Kingdom
(1969) Due to threats of Chinese aggression, Soviet Union stationed a large army in Mongolian territory
(1973 - 1981) Mongolia accused China of a plan of annexation, protested against China's call for withdrawal of Soviet troops, expelled Chinese residents
(1981) Zhugderdemidiyn Gurragcha became first Mongolian in space
(1984) Prime Minister Tsedenbal was forced out of office by Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP)
(1986) Mongolia established diplomatic relations with China
(1987) Mongolia established diplomatic relations with United States
(1989) Reform demonstrations took place; Mongolian Democratic Association was organized
(1990) Constitution amended to provide for multi-party system and new elections
(1990) First democratic elections held for Great Hural (Parliament), Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party won
(1990) Elbegdorj Tsakhia elected first democratic prime minister of Mongolia
(1991) Government began elimination of price controls, cost of living soared
(1991) Half the national treasury ($82 million) was gambled away by foreign exchange traders
(1992) New constitution went into effect, new election law passed
(1993) Opposition candidate Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat, former MPRP member, won first direct presidential election
(1996) First non-Communist government elected
(1997) MPRP candidate, Natsagiin Bagabandi, won presidential election
(1998) Mongolia changed work week from 46 hours to 40 hours
(1998) Government fell, Cabinet and Prime Minister continued as caretakers

2000s

(2000) Winter blizzards killed over one million head of livestock, over 300,000 people were short of food
(2000) MPRP party won election, new government formed by Prime Minister Nambaryn Enkhbayar
(2001) Natsagiin Bagabandi re-elected president
(2001) International Monetary Fund (IMF) approved nearly $40 million in loans over three years to help tackle poverty and stimulate economy
(2003) Mongolian troops took part in peace-keeping operations in Afghanistan, Iraq and Sudan
(2003) Locust plague affected 47 million acres of grassland
(2004) All but $300 million in debt was written off by Russia
(2004) Parliamentary elections resulted in political deadlock over contested results